Naturae
2026 (5) - Pages 107-122Given the multiple threats facing the European wildcat (Felis silvestris silvestris Schreber, 1777), including hybridization with domestic cat, habitat fragmentation, poaching, and road collisions, as well as its limited development capacity in the studied region due to lack of favourable environments, it is essential to update genetic knowledge on its populations in the Nord department (59) to implement appropriate conservation strategies. To this end, a non-invasive genetic sampling was conducted in 2022-2023 using valerian-based (Valeriana officinalis L.) olfactory lures, combined with hair traps and camera trapping, within the national forests of Mormal and Abbé-Val-Joly. According to our knowledge, these forests are hosting the highest number of European wildcats in the department. Although its effectiveness had been questioned, this method yielded a capture rate higher than that reported in other European studies. Moreover, 51 hair samples were collected and analyzed. Genetic results confirm the presence of “pure” wildcats within the studied forests, as well as the presence of a single hybrid individual and three domestic cats. Additionally, the analysis suggests the existence of gene flow between the two forest massifs. These findings highlight the importance of identifying and improving ecological corridors, in a context of modification and simplification of environments, to restore connectivity between different subpopulations. Strengthening habitat connections would help ensure sufficient levels of immigration and genetic exchange within the regional population, thereby securing its long-term viability.
Camera trap, hair trap, non-invasive population monitoring, genetic sampling